Improvement in concrete for pavements and for other purposes



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"-ilPROVEIENT I l CONCRETE FOR PAVEMENTS AID FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

.lpccificnticn forming part of Letters Patent No. 06,850. dated November 16, 1869.

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' gether that a composition is formed, the con- 'crcticn of which is of such character as to render it most admirably adapted for the purposes of paving, roofing, flooring, water and 11min pipes, 8:0. v

A pavement laid of this composition, practical experience has fully proven to be entirely free of the whole series of objections which justly exists against those compositions now commonly styled concrete pavements.

In a vast majority of these compositions, the spontaneous adhesion, as it were, of the difi'eront ingredients, which is positively nee cssary to produce concretion, does not take place. The result is, that disintegration of the ingredients soon occurs, and, as accusequence, when the pavement is subjected to the action of severe frost, or the direct rays -of the'snn, it soons begins either to so shrink or swell as to be perfectly worthless. Nor is this at all remarkable, when the fact is taken into consideration that the chief ingredientlt least, the ingredient which possesses the cementing-property in so many cases-is orsliuary coal-tar, or like evaporating material. .The asphaltum or residuum of coal-tar which we use does not evaporate, and, therefore, its 5 adhesive qualities are never wastedmnd, when 4 mixed with sand and decomposed silcx, as

i hereinafter stated, will produce a pavement.

or walk, roofing or pipe, perfectly impervious to and entirely nualiected by moisture.. ilt

if -1 will alike resist the action of intense heat or would, its materials so coalescing, when once 7. mixed and laid, that it becomes a positive i solid mass, the decomposed silex cansing'eaeh; '4 .andeveryinterstice, no matter how minute the same may he, to be filled, andone the-tit Es ates! s r m frbazc ISSiNG' a Dialect-5's;

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is utterly impossible for the frost to enter, l much less embed itself in. The result is, that l the pavementis firm and durable, presenting alevcl and uniform surface durin g all seasons;

and, while it will resist, in a remarkable dej gree, all attrition, at the same time it is suiiiciently elastic to prevent the animal slipping; and, as it wears, the mass being of the same consistency all through, a like surface is always presented.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will now proceed to describe its method of construction.

\Ve take, of coarse and fine sharp sand, five pounds each, and of decomposed silex, one pound. These we place in an iron pan or other suitable vessel, and heat to. say, about 150 or 160. We then take of the asphaltum or the residuum three ponnds,and melt the same.

These proportions, as well as the degree of heat, of comse, may be varied, each being increased or diminished at pleasure, or as may bedeemed desirable.

' 50 soon as the asphaltnm or the residuumis reduced to a state snfiicicntly plastic, the mixing should take place. The asphaltum is then poured gradually in upon the sand and decomposed sile the lattcrbi-ing subjected wheat, am t to mass undergoing thorough agitation during the entire process. After the mass has been duly heated and properly mixed, it is to be instantly laid, as we always use the composition while it is yet in a warm, plastic state.

The pavement is laid by hot lamps and hot rollers, similar to the manner described in our patent before referred to.

as to the quantity of the materials used in the composition, practical experience has fully attested the fact that. the form ksretcfore he added to the mud and decomposedsilex map will require to be greater or less, as the may be, it depending on the r of the article used.- J i I The composition 11min eashed i applicable and most admirably ada;

V in: applied from within.

' The pipes are fanned in hot inolds, of unitable dimensions, the necessary pressure he- Having thus fully described our invention, shat we claim therein as new. and desire to nccure by Letters Patent of the United States, 1:-

1. A concrete composition for paving, roofjug, flooring, &c., when the same is composed of asphaitum or the residnumnfyitch or coaltnnjam ,end decomms gdjilex substantially as described."-""

" 1 Laying thecomposition, herein described,

for apavement or walk by means of hot temps and hot rollers. substantially as described.

W 3. A water or drain pipe, when the same is composed of the composition herein described. In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

A. VAN CAMP. M. M. HODGMAN. Witnesses:

EDWIN JAMES, Emu. F. BROWN. 

